PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION, PDO::ATTR_DEFAULT_FETCH_MODE => PDO::FETCH_ASSOC, PDO::ATTR_EMULATE_PREPARES => false, ]; try { $pdo = new PDO($dsn, $user, $pass, $options); } catch (\PDOException $e) { // If database doesn't exist, we might want to handle it, // but for now we assume it exists after running database.sql die("Connection failed: " . $e->getMessage()); } ?>